EDU 04.10: THEORETICAL BASE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE EDUCATION
BLOOM'S TAXONOMY
Bloom's
taxonomy is a set of three hierarchical models used to classify
educational learning objectives into levels of complexity and
specificity. The three lists cover the learning objectives in
cognitive, affective and sensory domains. Bloom’s
Taxonomy was created by Benjamin Bloom in 1956.
COGNITIVE DOMAIN : It is related to the development of intellectual capability (thinking or knowledge) and it is the core learning domain.
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Knowledge – It is basically about recalling information.
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Comprehension – It is the ability to grasp the meaning of a material.
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Application – It converts abstract knowledge into practice.
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Analysis – Relationship between ideas is understood better.
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Synthesis – Combining the constituent parts to make it a whole.
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Evaluation – Judgement made about the value of methods and material.
Anderson, a former student of Bloom, and David Krathwohl rearranged the levels as given in figure
AFFECTIVE DOMAIN : Man is a rational animal endowed with human qualities of love, sympathy, tolerance, co-operation, fellow-feeling and similar things. Affect is also treated as a response to different social, political and economic issues in the form of attitudes.
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Receiving – Willingness to listen
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Responding – Willingness to participate
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Valuing – Willingness to be involved
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Organizing – Willingness to be an advocate of an idea
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Characterization – Willingness to change one's behaviour
PSYCHOMOTOR DOMAIN : It is mainly concerned with the acquisition of technical skills.
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Imitation – It includes the demonstration of a skill by a skilled person, and the learner tries to follow the same.
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Manipulation – A learner tries to experiment various aspects, such as manipulating machinery, equipment, etc.
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Precision – Accuracy in performing various acts increases with practice.
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Articulation – Achieving a desired level of efficiency and effectiveness through practice.
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Naturalization – Skill is internalized, and an individual is able to adapt, modify or design new techniques, methods or procedures according to the requirements of a situation.
REVISED BLOOM'S TAXONOMY
1990s- Lorin Anderson (former student of Bloom) revisited the taxonomy.
The names of six major categories were changed from noun to verb forms.
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